The tenses

1.Present tense simple

Definitie: prezentul simplu desemneaza un eveniment care se intampla simultan cu momentul vorbirii sau care include momentul vorbirii.

We use present simple:

- when we talk about permanent situations or about activities that happen regularly(I live in Bucharest.)

- when we talk about series of actions and events that are completed as we speak(Firs I mix the butter with the sugar than I break 5 eggs into it.)

- when we ask for and give directions(How do I get to the Post Office?)

The auxiliary verb specific for the present simple is TO DO.

Affirmative:S+V(I am here)

Negative:S+DO+NOT+V(I am not here)

Affirmative questions:DO+S+V?(Are you here?)

Negative question:DO/DOES+NOT+S+V?(Aren't you here?)

2.Present tense continuous

We use present continuous:

- when we talk about temporary actions and situations that are going on around now: before, during and after the moment of speaking(What are you doing?)

- when we talk about developing and changing situations(The weather is getting colder.)

- when we talk about future actions or event that have been planned or decided(I am going on a trip.)

The auxiliary verb specific for the present continuous TO BE

Affirmative:S+TO BE+V-ing(I am eating a cake.)

Negative:S+TO BE+NOT+V-ing(I am not eating a cake.)

Affirmative question:TO BE+S+V-ing?(Are you eating a cake?)

Negative question :TO BE+NOT+S+V-ing?(Aren't you eating a cake?)

3.Past tense simple

Definitie: past tense, aspectul simplu desemneaza un eveniment definit care a avut loc pe axa trecutului si evenimentul este amintit in momentul prezent.

The auxiliary verb specific for the paste tense simple is TO DO (second form)

Affirmative:S+TO DO(second form)+iregular V(second form)/ regular V(short infinitive+ed)(I went there.)

Negative :S+TO DO(second form)+NOT+V(I didn't go there.)

Affirmative question: TO DO(second form)+S+V(short infinitive)(Did you go there?)

Negative question: TO DO(second form)+NOT+S+V(short infinitive)(Didn't you go there?)

Typical time expressions:yesturday / two weeks ago / last week,year / that day.

4.Past tense continuous

Definitie: arata o actiune care s-a desfasurat intr-o perioada de timp bina definita din trecut sau in acelasi tim cu una sau mai multe actiuni tot din trecut.

The auxiliary verb specific for the paste tense continuous is TO BE (second form)

Affirmative:S+TO BE (second form)+V-ing(I was reading the newspaper when he came.)

Negative:S+TO BE (second form)+NOT+V-ing(I wasn't reading the book when he came.)

Affirmative question: TO BE (second form)+S+V-ing?(Where you reading the book when he came?)

Negative question: TO BE (second form)+NOT+S+V-ing?(Wheren't you reading the book when he came?)

5.Prezent perfect simple

Definitie: il folosim pentru a exprima o actiune care a fost exercitata in trecut dar care nu este definita in timp si are o anumita legatura cu prezentu sau se intampla in prezent.