Adverbul

.1. Functia adverbelor

Astfel, adverbele determina in general verbe:

Ex.: The bus moved slowly. (cum?)

I am going home tomorrow. (cand?)

Adverbele pot determina si adjective: You look absolutely fabulous!

Sau alte adverbe: She played the violin extremely well. You're speaking too quietly.

Sau chiar propozitii intregi: Perhaps we'll see you again next year.

4.2. Forma adverbelor

4.2.1. Adverbele se formeaza de cele mai multe ori prin adaugarea unui -ly la forma de singular a adjectivului:

Adjectiv Adverb

(Adjectiv + ly) Exemple

careful carefully He carefully picked up a tie.

quick quickly Time goes quickly.

slow slowly He walked slowly to the door.

Modificari ortografice:

- Daca adjectivul se termina in -y, acesta se va inlocui cu -i + -ly.

Ex.: easy - easily, angry - angrily, lucky - luckily

- Cand avem un -le terminal (-able, -ible, -le), dispare -e si este inlocuit cu -y.

Ex.: probable - probably, terrible - terribly, gentle - gently

- Adjectivele terminate in -ic adauga -ally.

Ex.: basic - basically, economic - economically, tragic - tragically

Exceptie: public - publicly

- Forme neregulate

Ex.: true - truly, due - duly, whole - wholly

4.2.2. Unele adverbe au aceeasi forma ca si adjectivele:

Ex.: early, fast, hard, high, late, near, straight, wrong

Compara:

This is a hard exercise. (adjectiv)

He works hard. (adverb)

We saw many high buildings. (adjectiv)

The bird flew high in the sky. (adverb)

4.2.3. Unor adjective le corespund doua forme adverbiale, care au sensuri diferite:

Adjectiv Forme adverbiale Exemple

deep 1. deep

2. deeply He looked deep into her eyes. (adanc)

She is deeply in love. (profund, pana peste cap)

direct 1. direct

2. directly You can dial New York direct. (in mod direct)

He went there directly. (direct, fara intarziere)

first 1. first

2. firstly My mother came in first, then my brothers and sisters. (intai)

Firstly, I would like to welcome you here. (in primul rand)

Alte exemple: hard, light, just, last, late, most, near, prett, right, round, short, wrong.

Well / Good

Well este adverbul care corespunde formei adjectivale good.

They are good swimmers.

They swim well.

She is a good pianist.

She plays the piano well.

4.3. Gradele de comparatie ale adverbelor

Adverbele formeaza comparativul si superlativul la fel ca si adjectivele (vezi: 3.5. Gradele de comparatie ale adjectivelor):

- Adauga -er pentru comparativ si -est pentru superlativ la adverbele dintr-o singura silaba: hard - harder - hardest