Session 1 : Evolution path towards 4G
Technology Evolution and Regulation
Speakers M. Lazhar BELHOUCHET
M. Hakim EBDELLI
Date 27 - 29 January 2010
www.cert.nat.tn 1 Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Agenda
o Terminology
o Drivers of Mobile Networks Evolution
o Enablers of Mobile Networks Evolution
o ITU Work : Spectrum, Study Groups,
Recommandations and Schedule
www.cert.nat.tn 2 Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Terminology
- Throughput: the gross bit rate
that is transferred physically Goodput
- Goodput: the application
level throughput, the
7. Application
6. Presentation
7. Application
6 Presentation
i.e. number of useful bits per unit
of time forwarded by the
network 5. Session
4. Transport
6. 5. Session
from a certain
4. Transport
source address to a certain
destination,
e cl ding protocolo erhead
3. Network
2. Data Link
3. Network
2. Data Link
excluding protocol overhead,
and excluding retransmitted
data packets
1. Physical 1. Physical
Throughput
www.cert.nat.tn 3 Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Terminology - Cont.
- Capacity: it's the maximum number of users or the total data throughput
a network can support reliably. It relies on traffic loading, traffic patterns,
cell site equipment capability, and hardware dimensioning.
- Multiple Access technique :defines how terminals transmit over the
same transmission medium and share its capacity. Examples:
o Circuit mode channel access methods :FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA,
OFDMA
o Contention based multiple access methods: Aloha, CSMA/CD
(Ethernet), CSMA/CA,...
- multiplexing : is a process where multiple signals/streams are combined
into one signal over a shared medium : FDM, TDM
- Dupplexing techniques: define how to divide UL and DL communication
channels same physical communication medium
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on the Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Terminology - Cont.
- Cell Spectral efficiency: the aggregate throughput of all users (the
number of correctly received bits) divided by the channel bandwidth
divided by the number of cells. The channel bandwidth is defined as
the effective bandwidth times the frequency reuse factor. It's
measured in bit/s/Hz/cell.
- The peak spectral efficiency is the highest theoretical data rate
(normalised by bandwidth), which is the received data bits assuming
error-error free conditions assignable to a single mobile station, when all
available radio resources for the corresponding link direction are
utilised
- Frequency Reuse factor: is the rate at which the same frequency can
be used in the network. It is 1/K where K is the number of cells which
cannot use the same frequencies for transmission.
www.cert.nat.tn 5 Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Terminology - Cont.
o Control plane (C-Plane) latency is
typically measured as the
transition time from different
connection modes, e.g., from idle
to active state.
o User plane latency : (also known
as transport delay) is the transit
time between a packet being
available at the IP layer in the
user terminal/base station and
the availability of this packet at IP
layer in the base station/user
terminal.
www.cert.nat.tn 6 Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Drivers of Technology Evolution (Mobile Networks)
o Higher bit rates to meet user demands and support more
services
o Better spectral efficiency
o More capacity
o Better Mobility and Roaming
o Better quality of service
o Less delay (latency)
o Simplified architecture
o Lower costs
o Use of new opportunities
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spectrum Evolution path towards 4G
ITU/BDT Arab Regional Workshop on "4G Wireless Systems" - Tunisia 2010
Enablers of Technology Evolution (Mobile Networks)
o Terminals: Laptops, Phones with camera
o Cost of network equipments is decreasing
o Services: video (video sharing websites...), e-
Government, Peer-to-Peer (torrents)
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